도시 내 공간적 통학환경에 관한 비교 연구

A Comparative study on the spatial environment for schooling in the city

본 연구는 서울시내의 구시가지에 해당하는 도심부근 중구에 입지한 학교 학생들의 공간적 통학환경과 신시가지인 강남구에 입지한 학교 학생들의 그것을 비교 연구한 것이다. 연구를 위하여 중구의 초등학교와 중학교, 강남구의 초등학교와 중학교를 선정하여 학교주변의 유해환경을 조사하여 지도화하였고, 학생들의 통학거리, 방과 후의 사교육활동을 위한 이동거리를 설문으로 조사하여 분석하였다. 연구결과 도심부의 학교 주변에는 많은 비교육적 기능체들이 입지되어 있어서 학교주변의 정화가 필요했고, 학생들의 통학을 위한 이동거리는 긴 편이었다. 그러나 가장 중요한 것은 방과 후 사교육활동을 위한 이동거리의 차가 컸다. 강남지역 학교학생들은 도심지역 학교학생들보다 방과 후 사교육활동을 위한 이동거리가 거의 2배 이상이 되어서 빈부의 격차를 나타냈다. 이는 데일리프리즘의 개념에서 장래의 격차를 고착화할 수 있다고 판단되었다.

The purpose of this study is to examine the spatial environmental elements for schooling of the schools located in Jung-Gu of inner city, and newly developed outer urban area, Kangnam-Gu of Seoul. For the study, elementary schools and middle schools were selected, and field surveys were carried out to check the functional establishments near the gates of those schools. And the distance for schooling, and the distance for the private educational activities were asked by the questionnaires. To find out the spatial environmental elements for schooling, the collected data were mapped and analyzed using GIS. Results of this study are as followings: 1. Lots of functional establishments were located near the school gates of inner city. But the located functional establishments near school gates in the Kangnam-Gu were scarce and separated by the urban zoning lines. Functional establishments located around the schools in inner city are generally harmful for education. So new movements to clear the spatial environmental elements for education were needed in the inner city immediately. 2. The median distance for schooling of inner city students are longer than those of distance Kangnam-Gu students . But the difference could be negligible due to the strong public educational policy on school districts boundaries. 3. Students movement distances for the private educational activities are greatly different between students in Jung-Gu and students in Kangnam-Gu. The difference would produce the significant great gap between the students of Jung-Gu, and Kangnam-Gu in the future. Because the gaps would make the small daily prisms of the inner city students as lower classes.