КОДЫ КУЛЬТУРЫ И ИХ УЧАСТИЕ В ФОРМИРОВАНИИ ЯЗЫКОВОЙ КАРТИНЫ МИРА (НА МАТЕРИАЛЕ СЛОВООБРАЗОВАТЕЛЬНЫХ ГНЁЗД)

CULTURAL CODES AND THEIR PARTICIPATION IN THE FORMATION OF THE LANGUAGE PICTURE OF THE WORLD (BASED ON THE MATERIAL OF FAMILY WORDS)

The article is devoted to the problems of identifying the national specifics of linguistic units by analyzing a branched diachronic network of derivative nouns - the names of the four world elements that are inherent in the most ancient codes of national culture. The object of the analysis is diachronic family of words with the tops water , air , earth and fire , because these linguistic units have a long history of existence and are associated with the traditional way of life and the peculiarities of the mentality of the Russian people. The article describes in detail the quantitative composition of the family of words throughout historical development, identifies similar and different features of the structure, analyzes the set of derivational meanings of words of different parts of speech and the methods of their formation.