학교 스포츠 축구클럽 활동이 남자 중학생의 건강 체력, 도파민 및 코티졸에 미치는 영향

The effects of Soccer Club Activities as Part of School Sports on the Health-Related Fitness, Dopamine, and Cortisol of Boys in Middle School

본 연구의 목적은 12주간 학교 스포츠 축구클럽 활동이 남자 중학생의 건강 체력, 도파민 및 코티졸에 미치는 영향을구명하는 데 있다. 13~16세 남자 중학생 20명을 대상으로 운동군 10명, 대조군 10명으로 구성하였고 운동군은 12주간 주 3회 45분간 전술훈련, 50분간의 축구리그 경기를 포함한 학교 스포츠 축구클럽에 참가하였다. 최대심박수(HRmax)와 운동 자각도(RPE)를 전술훈련과 리그 경기는 60~80%HRmax(RPE 12-15), 70~90%HRmax(RPE 14-17)을 각각 적용하였다. 그 결과, 건강 체력에서 %BF가 그룹×시기 간 상호작용 효과가 나타났고(p<.01) 12주후 운동군에서 %BF가 유의하게 감소하였다(p<.01). 또한, 근지구력에서 그룹×시기 간 상호작용 효과가 나타났으며(p<.05) 운동군에서 12주 후 유의한 증가를 보였다(p<.01). 심폐지구력에서도 그룹×시기 간 상호작용 효과가 나타났으며(p<.001) 운동군에서 유의한 증가를 보였고(p<.001) 유연성에서 그룹×시기 간 상호작용 효과가 나타났다(p<.05). 도파민은 12주 후 운동군에서는 유의한 증가가 나타났고(p<.05) 대조군에서는 유의한 감소가 나타났다(p<.05). 또한, 코티졸(p<.05)과 도파민(p<.001) 모두 그룹×시기 간 상호작용 효과가 나타났다. 결론적으로, 지속적인 학교 축구클럽 활동은 남자 중학생들의 건강 체력, 도파민 및 코티졸에 긍정적인 영향을 미쳤다.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of soccer club activities as part of school sports for 12 weeks on the health-related fitness and two stress hormones, dopamine and cortisol, of boys in middle school. For this purpose, the study divided 20 male middle school students in the age range of 13~16 into the exercise group of ten and the control group of ten. The exercise group participated in three sessions per week over 12 weeks with two 45-minute sessions on tactical training and one 50-minute session on soccer club league games as part of school sports. Exercise intensity was measured with the Rating of Perceived Exertion(RPE) and HRmax. Tactical training and soccer league games as part of school sports were maintained within 60-80%(RPE 12-15) and 70-90%(RPE 14-17) of HRmax, respectively. The conclusions are as follows: Health-Related Fitness indicated that the %BF has a significant decrease in the exercise group after 12 weeks and significant interaction between group and time. Also, muscular endurance has a significant increase in the exercise group after 12 weeks and significant interaction between group and time. Cardiovascular endurance shows a significant increase in the exercise group and significant difference between exercise and control group after 12 weeks. Flexibility manifest a significant interaction between group and time. Dopamine was significant increase in the exercise group and significant decrease in the control group after 12 weeks. Cortisol made a significant decrease in the exercise group. In addition, both dopamin and cortisol had a effects of interaction in between group and time. In short, consistent soccer club activities as part of school sports had positive effects on changes to health-related fitness and two stress hormones, dopamine and cortisol, among boys in middle school.