契丹大字分写特征研究

A Study Of the Split Writing form on Khitan Large Script

The academic circles has not reached a clear conclusion about the form characteristics of Khitan large and small scripts. However, from the records of Less and Penetration in the history of Liao Dynasty and the interpretation results of Khitan script so far, the standardization and spelling degree of Khitan small script have been further developed. In contrast, Khitan large script lag behind the small script and more difficult to explain. In the process of interpretation of Khitan script, the author observed that some Khitan large script with the same meaning or grammatical function were have some different form. In other words, the combination of a few monosyllabic characters forms another monosyllabic character. According to its writing form, this paper calls it separate writing type and combination type . This finding provides new evidence for the interpretation of some large script and the study of forms of large script.

关于契丹大、小字字形特征问题，学界尚未得出明确结论。据《辽史》所见“数少而该贯”的记载以及迄今的契丹文字解读成果来看，契丹小字的规范性和拼音程度均得到了进一步发展。相比之下，契丹大字明显落后于小字，且其解读难度比较大。在契丹文字解读过程中笔者观察到，可表示相同字义或语法作用的部分契丹大字字形各不相同。换言之，少数单音节大字的结合构成了另一多音节单体字。据其书写形式，本文称之为“分写式”和“合体式”大字。此发现对部分大字的解读和大字字形研究提供了新的证据。