Establishment of mechanized soybean production system without herbicide is required for organic soybean production in recent. Effects of mechanized soybean planting with partial tillage between growing rye living mulch, which was sown in April or early May, on weed suppression, soybean early growth and yield were investigated with different rye sowing dates and locations in 2007 and 2008, respectively. Effect of rye living mulch on weed suppression at 40~50 days after soybean planting was high as much as 70~90% regardless of rye sowing dates. In particular, a strong suppression effect on the occurrence and growth of Echinochloa crus-galli which occupied 60~80% of total weed biomass was observed. Rye living mulch sown on April 9, of which biomass was more than that sown on April 27, inhibited soybean early growth severely and reduced soybean grain yield in 2007. However, soybean grain yield was not reduced despite suppression of early growth of soybean plant by living mulch sown during from late April to early May compared with conventional planting. Rye sowing before late April was not proper considering tendency of weed occurrence in spring because of unfavorable changes in weed suppression, early growth and grain yield of soybean according to amount of living mulch.
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