유아의 인지적 놀이행동과 인지능력, 갈등해결능력, 운동능력, 성취동기 간의 관계 분석

An Analysis on Cognitive Play Behavior Related Variables of Young Children: Cognitive Ability, Conflict Resolution Ability, Motor Ability, and Achievement Motivation

본 연구의 목적은 유아의 인지적 놀이행동과 관련 있는 변인(인지능력, 갈등해결능력, 운동능력, 성취동기)들의 관계성을 분석하는 데 있다. 연구대상은 K도 소재 유치원 7곳에 재원 중인 유아 220명을 대상으로 평균 월령은 63.42개월이었다. 유아의 사회ᐧ인지적 놀이 척도, 인지능력검사(K-WIPPSI-Ⅳ), 갈등해결능력검사, 운동능력검사(MPTYC), 성취동기검사를 실시하여 자료를 수집하였다. 수집된 자료는 Pearson 적률 상관계수, 단계적 중다회귀분석을 통해 분석하였다. 연구결과 유아의 인지적 놀이행동 중 기능놀이와 성취동기 간, 구성놀이와 갈등해결능력·성취동기 간, 극화놀이와 운동능력·갈등해결능력·인지능력 간, 규칙 있는 게임과 운동능력·갈등해결능력·인지능력 간 정적 상관관계가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 또한, 유아의 인지적 놀이행동 중 기능놀이는 성취동기의 모험심과 과제지향이 영향을 미치는 예측변인으로 나타났다 구성놀이는 성취동기의 자기책임감, 과제지향, 갈등해결의 갈등해결이 예측변인으로 나타났다. 극화놀이는 인지능력의 처리속도, 운동능력의 이동운동, 인지능력의 시공간, 갈등해결능력의 갈등해결, 성취동기의 흥미즐거움이 영향을 미치며, 규칙 있는 게임은 성취동기의 끈기, 열정, 인지능력의 유동추론, 성취동기의 자신감이 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 결과는 인지발달 뿐 아니라 인지적 놀이행동에 영향을 미치는 여러 변인이 있음을 밝혀내고, 놀이를 지원하고 확장하기 위한 기초자료를 활용될 수 있다.

The purpose of this study was to analyze the relationships among children’s cognitive play behavior, cognitive ability, conflict resolution ability, motor ability, and achievement motivation. The subjects of this study were 220 young children whose mean age was 63.42 months. The research data were collected by ‘Social and cognitive play scale’,‘ K-WIPPSI-Ⅳ’, ‘Children s conflict resolution ability test’,‘MPTYC’and‘Achievement motivation test’. Pearson correlation and Step-Wise Multi Regression were used to analyze the data. As a result of the study, it was found that among cognitive plays behavior, functional play behaviors had a positive correlation with achievement motivation, and constructive play behaviors had a positive correlation with conflict resolution ability, and achievement motivation. Dramatic play behaviors had a positive correlation with motor ability, conflict resolution ability, and cognitive ability, and games with rules had a positive correlation with motor ability, conflict resolution ability, and cognitive ability. Secondly, The adventurous spirit and task orientation of achievement motivation were found to be positive predictors affecting functional play among children s cognitive play. Self-responsibility of achievement motivation, task orientation, and conflict resolution were found to be positive predictors affecting constructive play. The processing speed of cognitive ability, movement of motor ability, space and time of the cognitive ability, conflict resolution of conflict resolution ability, and interest and enjoyment of achievement motivation were found to be positive predictors affecting dramatic play. Perseverance and passion of achievement motivation, fluid inference of cognitive ability, and confidence in achievement motivation were found to be predictive variables affecting games with rules. These results reveal that several variables affect cognitive play behavior as well as cognitive development, and the basic data to support and expand play can be used.