The Effects of Saturated and Unsaturated Fat Intake on the Skeletal Muscle’s LPL mRNA Expression in Rats

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to provide the basic data for the fatty acid metabolism research by analyzing the expressions of body weight, blood components(TG, FFA, Glucose) and rat skeletal muscle’s LPL mRNA after 5 weeks of the saturated and unsaturated fatty acids intake. Method: For this experiment, 30 rats were divided into the control group(CON), saturated fat intake group(BT) and the unsaturated fat intake group(SF) with 10 rats allocated each, and 2 rats each received a different diet inside the breeding cage. Their body weight was measured before meals and at the interval of 1 week, and after ingestion of each group s diet for 5 weeks, anesthetic was injected and slaughtered, and blood sampling was performed to analyze the blood components. Soleus muscles were extracted and were stored frozen, then ana-lyzed using the Real Time PCR in order to analyze the expressions of the skeletal muscles LPL mRNA. For the statistical processing of the study, the mean and standard deviation of all items were calculated using the SPSS 18.00 Package, and the one-way repeated ANOVA was performed to examine and understand the changes in the blood components and LPL mRNA according to each group. The statistical significance level was set to p<.05. Results: After 5 weeks of the dietary intake, all groups demonstrated increases in their weight as the dietary intake period have elapsed. The differences in the TG concentration according to the dietary intake in blood components turned out to be significantly lower for the BT group(p<0.05) and the SF group(p<0.001) than for the CON group, and also for SF group compared to the BT group in terms of the TG concentration being significantly higher. There turned out to be no significant difference for the FFA concentration, and the difference in the glu-cose concentration turned out to be significantly higher for the SF group than for the BT group. As for the LPL mRNA expressions, there turned out to be no significant difference between the groups in terms of the difference in GAPDH mRNA expression according to the dietary intake, and the difference in the LPL mRNA expressions for the BT group(p<0.001) and the SF group(p <0.01), the LPL mRNA expression turned out to be significantly higher. Conclusion: As a result of gathering the study results, the unsaturated fat intake rather than the saturated fat intake brought about the effective improvement of the triglyceride concentration and the increases in the LPL mRNA expression when structuring the dietary intake for the prevention of adult diseases related to obesity and arteriosclerosis, it is thought that the lipolysis is facilitated.