记忆与身份认同的文学演示

A Literary Demonstration of Memory and Identity

记忆远远不是用人体自身能力和调节机制就可以解释的问题，而是一个与外部相关的问题，人们回忆的只是他们所交流的内容以及在集体记忆框架中占有一席之地的内容。“文化记忆”的研究被越来越广泛地用于文学研究，记忆与身份认同之间的交互关系是文学在“记忆话语”研究中非常值得关注的问题。本文选择以虚构为特征的“小说”这一文学体裁，探讨韩华在韩国文化、中国(大陆)文化与台湾文化相互交融的独特文化语境下，关注过去或当下的哪些焦点;继而又是通过怎样的叙述策略，将这些直接或间接的经历，或是想象或虚构的事件加以象征和阐释，最终使其引起韩华社会的集体回忆;这些小说作品作为集体记忆的重要表达方式，在韩华集体寻求身份认同上又产生了哪些影响。

The first thing that the word “memory” brings to mind is a kind of pure, internal phenomenon of the human body. However, memory is not something that can only be explained by the body’s autonomous ability or control system, but is rather a more external issue. Jan Assmann considered that while it was the individual who had the memory, this memory was under the influence of society. Memories exist and persist in interaction. People’s memories contain not only the content exchanged during interactions, but also what is placed in the frame of collective memory. “Cultural memory” is a term increasingly used in literary studies. This paper selects the literary genre of novels characterized by fiction storytelling, elaborating on how the overseas Chinese writers revealed cultural elements in collective memory through three short Chinese literary stories serialized in the 1960s. It also shows the new relationship between these cultural elements. The purpose of this paper is to examine how these novels positively contributed to the recollection and identification of the overseas Chinese population, by using collective memory as the core transmission method.