필기, 야담에 형상화된 기생의 면모와 그 번역학적 의미

The identity of the ‘gisaeng’ as projected in the ‘pilgi’, ‘yadam’ and its translation study significance

This study verifies an aspect of the ‘pilgi’ (journal, 筆記) record pattern, which appeared in the late Goryeo Period and was continuously and actively authored during the early Joseon Period until the early modern age. The ‘pilgi’ has the characteristic of recording the story of high class living; because mainly the nobility literary people were the authors. However, as the time changes, the ‘pilgi’ authors gradually began to have interest in the lower class people and recorded the knowledge and experience with the narrative character of a story. This resulted in the appearance of the ‘yadam’ (historical story, 野談) in the late Joseon period. During the process, the existence of the ‘gisaeng’ began to be noted in relation to the leisure and entertainment of the nobility. During the Joseon period, the presentation pattern of the ‘gisaeng’ in the ‘pilgi’ gradually changed. The early period ‘pilgi’ acknowledged the outlook and the talent of the ‘gisaeng’. However, since the ‘pilgi’ focused on the impressive stories related to the creation of the Chinese character poems by the nobility literary people, the ‘gisaeng’ existence mostly took the role as a medium in the record. However, in the early and middle of Joseon period, the artistic skill and the independent identity of the ‘gisaeng’ began to be noted. The representative cases are the ‘gisaeng’ Hwang Jin-i and the ‘gisaeng’ Iltahong. They were recorded in the ‘pilgi’ and were on everyone’s lips as the ‘gisaengs’ who decided their lives independently and acted on their own will. It is possible to know that the awareness and view on the ‘gisaeng’ changed; because the ‘pilgi’ and ‘yadam’ at the time assessed and acknowledged the ‘gisaeng’ as an independent entity, more than an entertainer with artistic skill. However, this ended up merely as a trend limited to some special cases. In the late Joseon period, the females were judged from the perspective of chaste reputation (烈節) and the identity of the ‘gisaeng’ as an independent individual disappeared. While the ‘pilgi’ and ‘yadam’ identified the ‘gisaeng’ as an independent individual, the ideology of the chaste reputation led the trend in the late Joseon period. It was possible to confirm that the recording cases on the ‘gisaeng’ in the ‘pilgi’ and ‘yadam’ during the Joseon period changed from the view and judgment as an independent individual to an identity in a kind of translation dimension.