Исследование языковой политики СССР и переход арабского алфавита на латинский в Центральной Азии

A study on Language Policy of USSR and Switch of Alphabet in Former Soviet Republics of Central Asia

USSR dissolved on December 1991 after about 70 years ruling since the Russian Revolution in 1917, and the former 15 Soviet Republics gained their sovereignty. In the early Revolution, V.I. Lenin made possible the standardization of the languages used in minorities in Central Asia and Farthest North by allowing the minorities autonomy in view of equality, language and culture. During Stalin’s regime since mid 1920’s, the emergence of minorities’ sense of identity and the use of mother tongue have been restricted, which continued from the era of I.V. Stalin until the time of Soviet collapse. The shift from Arabic to Latin alphabet in USSR has caused a tremendous confusion though it was meant to reduce the illiteracy rates. In five Central Asian countries and Azerbaijan of Caucasus, the shift from Arabic to Latin alphabet was adopted in the 1920s. It is noteworthy that the shift from Arabic to Latin alphabet was intended to eradicate the illiteracy than to block the flooding of Islamic power and culture.