고대교회슬라브어 문장부정어의 통사적 위치와 문법 경쟁

The syntactic positions of negation marker and grammar competition in Old Church Slavonic

This paper investigates the word order variation involving the negation marker ne, the be-auxilairy, and participles in Old Church Slavonic (a version of Old Bulgarian of the 9th-11th centuries) in the context of parametric variation and grammar competition. The Old Church Slavonic word orders are compared with the patterns observed in colloquial Old Russian and Modern South Slavic languages. Two word order patterns are identified to have derived from two distinct grammars: ‘Aux-Neg-Part’ from the AuxP-over-NegP structure (Old Russian) vs. ‘Neg-Aux-Part’ from the NegP-over-AuxP structure (Modern South Slavic). Both structures are operative in Old Church Slavonic, which I analyze as grammar competition. I suggest that the newer grammar with the NegP-over-AuxP structure arose in Old Church Slavonic along with the clitic system change in this language in the 9th and 10th centuries, while Old Russian, which already began its own developmental path separately from Old South Slavic before the 11th century, only maintained the older Common Slavic grammar with the AuxP-over-NegP structure. As a result of grammar competition in Old South Slavic (reflected in Old Church Slavonic), only the newer grammar was inherited to Modern South Slavic.