Изучение особенностей русских фразеологических единиц в произведениях Ф.М.Достоевского

A Study of the Features of Russian Idioms in the Works of F.M. Dostoevsky

This study tries to figure out various features of Russian idioms in the literary works of Dostoevsky who was a representative Russian writer. As is well known the works of Dostoevsky have a very important place in linguistics as well as in the history of literature. He used a number of idioms in his works. But his idioms have not been thoroughly investigated. In this paper, I have examined idioms of Dostoevskywhich were used in his works of all genres. However, due to the vast amount of idioms in his works, first we will analyze the Russian idioms of Dostoevsky, mainly their lexico-grammatical peculiarities and functional- stylistic features. In this paper, among its many features I analyze features of idioms centering on the lexico-grammatical structures and style in his works. With respect to lexico-grammatical aspect, all types of idioms are represented in his works: nominal, verbal, adjectival, adverbial and interjectional idioms. The largest group consists of nominal, verbal, adverbial idioms and adjectival and interjectional idioms are a minority. In terms of functional-stylistic features of idioms, author uses informal (conversational), neutral, outdated, literary, colloquial idioms and idioms with different stylistic nuances. Conversational and neutral idioms are the largest group of idioms. Also widely used are outdated idioms for vivid, expressive effects. Literary idioms occur less frequently. They are generally used in official talks. Dostoevsky had a great influence on Russian literature, as well as on the Russian language alongwith Pushkin and Tolstoy. I think that trying to study the language of these writers is important for understanding Russian language. Through this study we will be able to show a new perspective on the Russian idiom, and to grasp the functions and the meanings of idioms in the Dostoevsky’s works.