Vývoj moderní teorie terminologie a česká terminologická tradice

Development of the modern theory of terminology and the Czech terminological tradition

The theory of terminology was developed by the founder of the Vienna school, Wüster, on objectivist foundations (a term as a linguistic symbol formed by words or elements of words, the structured nature of the vocabulary) with the aim of standardising the concepts and terms. The main schools of the theory of terminology were established approximately at the same time in Vienna, Prague, and Moscow and later also in Québec. Czech terminography derives its tradition from the Prague Linguistic Circle (Havránek, Roudný, Tejnor, Kocourek), whose aim was the structural and functional description of specialised language and the standardisation of terminology by authoritative institutions. Its concept of specialised language as part of specialised communication was developed in the 1970s in connection with the communicative and pragmatic orientation of linguistics as a socioterminological trend (in France and Canada). Modern terminology moves from an onomasiological approach to a communicative one (Sager); more recently use is made of the findings of cognitive science and of language corpora for the collection of excerpts (Temmerman).