韩国垄断市场和垄断企业的国际化方案研究

A Study on the Internationalization of Korean Monopoly Market and Monopoly Enterprises

李永焕(2010)认为韩国区分市场的核心条件是决定市场结构的因素和价格控制能力。即: 适度规模;商品替代性;相互依赖;准入壁垒。价格控制能力有效的是完全竞争市场, 价格控制能力无效的, 能分为垄断市场、垄断性竞争市场、寡头市场。垄断市场与完全竞争市场最大的不同之处在于供应商占有市场力量。对于在完全竞争市场向消费者供应的同一商品, 如果只是单纯的价格接受者的作用, 在垄断市场的供应者就具备垄断的作用(金大植·卢英基·安国信·李钟哲, 2019)。这就意味通过拥有决定价格的能力, 就可以获得高于平均收益的机会。即, 市场力量决定着产品价格会受到影响。 权五乘(2000)认为在企业活动和数量方面, 完全竞争市场中的竞争企业会认为价格是已定好的, 而相反, 垄断企业却可以独自决定价格。在本文中, 笔者想通过介绍韩国垄断市场和垄断企业的国际化方案, 和各位一起探讨垄断企业为什么可以任意定价？垄断企业为何能拥有市场的强大垄断力量？通过对这些问题的分析, 找到对中国垄断市场和垄断企业有效的改善方案。本论文具体包括了六个部分的内容: 韩国垄断市场简述;韩国垄断市场和垄断企业产生的原因;韩国市场现有垄断企业简介及优缺点分析;韩国垄断市场和垄断企业的经济效果观望;韩国垄断企业的国际化方案(改善方案)评析;韩国垄断企业国际化方案对于中国的借鉴等。

Purpose – Through the analysis of many problems, we can see how the inefficiency of monopolistic markets and monopolistic enterprises can harm markets and international markets. Design/Methodology/Approach – Korea s monopoly market is one of the structures of the Korean market, and unlike the fully competitive market, it is necessary to conduct more research since it is the most frequent content in various microeconomic studies. There are four types of market structure in Korea, which are classified according to the characteristics of the product, the number of competitors, and what characteristics of the market. Findings – There are four core determinants of market structure: moderate size; substitutability of production; interdependence; barriers to entry. The biggest difference between a monopoly market and a fully competitive market is that the supplier has market power. For the same product that is supplied to consumers in a fully competitive market, the supplier in a monopolistic market can play a monopoly role if it is simply a price receiver. This means that by having the ability to determine prices, opportunities to achieve higher than average returns are available. Inother words, market forces mean that product prices will be affected. Research Implications – Exploring why monopolistic firms can price at will? Why do monopolies have a strong monopoly power in the market? And how did they create a so-called entry barrier that would make it impossible for other competing firms?