Backgound : With advances in medicine and materials engineering, biomaterials, such as silicone and titanium are used in many tissue regeneration cases. Many studies are being conducted to confirm the reactivity of cells to various biomaterials. Among these studies, fibroblast proliferation and differentiation are known as important factors related to capsulation. In this study, we attempted to determine how various sized polyurethane acrylate (PUA) nanopillar structures act on fibroblast proliferation and differentiation. Methods : The scaffolds were prepared in four groups: flat and nanopillar (350 nm, 500 nm, 1,000 nm). Flat group was used as a control. To evaluate the effect of scaffolds of nanopillar structures on fibroblasts, quantitatively analyzed for the degree of adhesion, proliferation and alpha-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) expression of cells. Results : As a result of the MTT assay, the proliferation was lower than that of the flat group in the nanopillar group. As a result of staining, the intensity of F-actin was significantly different from that of the flat group. And the intensity of α-SMA was different from that of the flat group but not significantly. Conclusions : The nanopillar structure of PUA material seems to play a role in inhibiting the proliferation and differentiation of fibroblasts regardless of the size of the structure. This suggests that the use of PUA nanopillar implants may be effective in suppressing fibrosis due to fibroblast proliferation and differentiation.
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