몽골의 대북 원조에 관한 연구

A Study on Mongolia’s Aid to North Korea: Focusing on the 1950s

During the Korean War Mongolia determined to provide aid to North Korea on Dec. 1, 1950 first time. Since the country had sent relief supplies including clothes, shoes, meat, ham, flour, leather, and medicines six times until 1953. Among which, the item especially worthy of notice is livestock. This could not be seen in other socialist state’s aid then, but appeared in Mongolia’s assistance to North Korea only. Mongolia sent an enormous amount of horses, cows, sheep, and goat to North Korea for free every year from 1951 when the war was in full swing till 1956 when the war ended. Mongolian horses were used to transport war supplies in front line and harvest crops and compost in rural areas. In addition, enormous amount of sheep and goat helped develop stock raising and improve the life of the people in North Korea and thus became a symbol to represent friendship between the two countries. If Soviet Union, China, and Eastern Europe’s large scale aid to North Korea concentrated in reconstructing destroyed industrial facilities and constructing cities, Mongolia’s livestock assistance helped to reconstruct the farming and livestock industry of North Korea that were neglected by the heavy industries priority policy. Mongolia’s livestock assistance, which was sent consistently by the request of North Korean government was an approach to nation reconstruction strategy and simultaneously a self-plan for balanced national development.