서비스 글로벌 가치사슬(GVC)이 경제발전, 생산성, 노동시장 및 불평등에 미치는 영향에 대한 분석

An Analysis of the Impact of Service Global Value Chain on Economic Development, Productivity, Labor Market, and Inequality

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to review the impact of the service GVC on economic development, productivity, labor market, and inequality, and to examine the future prospects and policy implications of the service GVC. Design/Methodology/Approach This paper reviews and analyzes a substantial amount of the latest international literature related to the service GVC. Findings The decline in the proportion of labor costs in the manufacturing industry due to automation and the reduction in service trade costs due to digitalization are increasing the opportunities for developing countries to participate in the service GVC. In particular, it was confirmed that digital-intensive services can bring significant productivity improvement to manufacturing and service industries. Empirical studies show that the net effect of the service GVC on employment and income is not very large. The increase in income due to the service GVC is concentrated mainly on high-skilled workers, and may take the form of discriminating against workers with low education levels. However, given the high proportion of women employed in the service sector, the service trade is expected to help reduce the gender gap. Research Implications For policy implications, reducing barriers to the service trade, investing in human capital, building related infrastructure, and R&D investment are very important in revitalizing the service GVC.