집합건물 공용부분의 관리행위와 보존행위

Management and Preservation of Section for Common Use of Condominium Building: The Korean Supreme Court Decision 2015Da208252 Delivered on Stember 26, 2019

집합건물의 공용부분에 대한 보존행위는 구분소유자가 단독으로 할수 있으나 관리행위는 관리단집회의 결의가 필요하다. 보존행위인지 관리행위인지를 구분하는 것이 쉬운 문제는 아니지만 보존행위가 인정되기 위해서는 구분소유자 중 1인에게라도 손해가 발생하지 않아야 한다. 대법원 2019. 9. 26. 선고 2015다208252 판결은 어떠한 행위가 전체적으로는 이익이 될 수 있으나 다른 구분소유자에게 해를 가하는 경우에는 보존행위가 될 수 없다고 판단하고 있는데 이는 타당하다. 한편 관리행위를 위해서는 관리단집회의 결의가 필요한데, 입주자대표회의(대규모점포 등 관리자)는 관리단이 아니기 때문에 입주자대표회의의 결의가관리단집회의 결의를 대신할 수는 없다. 이러한 이유에서 위 판결이 입주자대표회의의 결의가 있었다 하더라도 그 행위가 보존행위가 되거나관리단집회의 결의를 대신할 수 없다고 판단한 것은 타당하다.

According to the Article 16 (1) of the Act on ownership and management of condominium building, matters regarding the management of the section for common use shall be determined by resolution at an ordinary meeting under Article 38 (1): Provided, That the preservation thereof may be done by each co-owner. According to the Article 38 (1) of the Act on ownership and management of condominium building, in the proceedings of the managing body, resolutions shall be adopted by a majority of all sectional owners and voting rights, unless otherwise provided for in this Act or regulations. It is not an easy matter to distinguish between preservation and management, but in order for preservation to be recognized, even one of the owners of the division must not have negative externalities. The Korean Supreme Court Decision 2015Da208252 Delivered on Stember 26, 2019, judges that any act can be beneficial as a whole, but it cannot be a conservation act if it harms one of sectional owners. On the other hand, the proceedings of the managing body is required for management actions, but since the council of occupants representatives is not a managing body, the resolution of the council of occupants representatives cannot replace the resolution of the managing body. For this reason, it is reasonable to judge that the above judgment would be a preservation act or not be able to replace the resolution of the managing body even if there was a resolution of the council of occupants representatives.