영유아중심교육 실천을 위한 핵심 개념과 교사의 역할 재정립

Redefining the Core Concept and Roles of Teachers for the Practice of Young Child-centered Education

본 연구는 2차 자료인 문헌연구를 통해 영유아중심교육을 실천하기 위한 핵심 개념과 교사의 역할을 재정립하여 영유아중심교육 적용을 위한 자료를 제공하는데 목적이 있다. 이를 위해 ‘아동관’, ‘아동중심’, ‘아동중심교육’, ‘영유아중심’, ‘영유아중심교육’, ‘개정 누리과정’, ‘표준보육과정’ 관련 논문을 고찰하였다. 분석과정은 3단계로 이루어졌다. 먼저 1단계에서 영유아중심교육의근거로 제시된 학자들의 이론과 2019 개정 누리과정·제4차 표준보육과정에서의 영유아중심교육 개념 및 교사의 역할을 정리하였다. 2단계로 영유아중심교육을 실천하는 교사들의 어려움을분석하여 인식, 실천, 평가, 환경의 문제를 발견하였고, 이를 바탕으로 영유아중심교육의 핵심개념 ‘존중’, ‘흥미’, ‘변화’, ‘책임’을 도출하였다. 3단계에서는 1, 2단계의 결과를 분석하여 교사의역할로 ‘인식하기’, ‘함께하기’, ‘모범적인 생활하기’, ‘자기평가하기’, ‘안내하기’를 도출하였다. 마지막으로 도출된 교사의 역할 실천 지원에 필요한 방안으로 ‘근무 환경’, ‘평가제도’, ‘교사 및 원장의 교육 시스템’ 개선을 제언하였다. 본 연구는 영유아중심교육을 적용하는 교사들에게 실제적인 가이드라인을 제시하는데 의의가 있다.

The purpose of this study is to provide data for the application of young child-centered education by redefining the core concepts and the role of teachers through literature research. to practice young child-centered education. For this, the researchers reviewed the papers related to “young child-centered”, “young child-centered education”, “perspective on children”, “child-centered”, “child-centered education”, “revised Nuri course”, “standard childcare course”. The analysis process consisted of three stages. The first stage was to define and organize academic concept of young child-centered education and the role of teachers. And the concept of young child-centered education and the role of teachers in the 2019 revised Nuri Curriculum and the 4th standard childcare process were summarized. In the second stage, the perception, practice methods, concerns and difficulties of teachers who practice young child-centered education were analyzed, and with the analysis, issues of perception, practice, evaluation, and environment were defined. Based on this, the core concepts ‘respect’, ‘interest’, ‘change’, and ‘responsibility’ of young child-centered education were derived. In the third stage, by analyzing the results of stage 1 and 2, ‘to recognize’, ‘to be together’, ‘to live an exemplary life’, ‘self-evaluating’ and ‘to guide’ were derived as the roles of teachers. Lastly, as measures necessary to support practice of teachers’ role, suggestions were made on ‘working environment’, ‘evaluation system’, ‘teacher and ledger’s education system’. This study is meaningful in presenting practical guidelines for teachers who apply young child-centered education.