WTO 세계 무역왜곡보조 감축 논의와 시사점

The Discussion on Disciplining Global Trade Distorting Domestic Support in the WTO and Its Implications

In preparation for the 12ᵗʰ WTO Ministerial Conference (MC12), the Chairperson of the Committee on Agriculture-Special Session (CoASS) proposed a draft text (July 2021) and its amendment (November 2021) in order to derive tangible results in the field of domestic subsidy. It aims to cap and reduce the sum of current global agricultural trade-distorting support (TDDS) entitlements to 50% by 2030. As a result of the simulation using domestic support notification data from 2001 to 2020 of 102 WTO member countries, based on the Chair’s texts, two main policy goals are achieved; Proportionality that reduces more in member countries with a larger TDDS entitlements, Progressivity that alleviates the concentration of TDDS on specific countries. However, the entitlements of developed countries decreased by 48.5% while developing countries decreased by 52.6%, indicating that the latter ones are relatively disadvantaged. In case of the Republic of Korea, the basic cap of entitlements in the base year is reduced by only 12.1% in the 8th year of implementation (new cap). Furthermore, the difference between the entitlements and the expenditure will not change significantly. Therefore, the impact of the Chairperson’s proposal on domestic agricultural policy is expected to be limited.