피아제와 듀이의 사상 비교

A Comparison of Piaget s Thoughts and Dewey s

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The purpose of this study was to make a comparison between Piaget s and Dewey s thoughts. Although they had big differences of views on philosophy, human nature, and education, they criticized traditional education in common. Piaget and Dewey had influenced on Charles Darwin and Darwinian idea of natural selection and they are the frontiers of progressive and social constructivism. Piaget was based on genetic epistemology and Dewey was on Pragmatism and instrumental education. Piaget suggested that there were four chronological stages of reasoning development and the mechanisms of development were assimilation, accom- modation and equilibration. He insisted children s logic and modes of thinking are initially different from those of adults. During the 1970s and 1980s, Piaget’s works also inspired the transformation of European and American education, including both theory and practice, leading to a more ‘child-centred’ approach. On the other hand, Dewey believed that education is the fundamental method of social progress and reform. He is recognized as one of the founders of the philosophical school of Pragmatism. Dewey s philosophy had gone by many names other than pragmatism . He has been called an instrumentalist, and experimentalist, an empiricist, a functionalist, and a naturalist. This paper compared Piaget s with Dewey s thoughts, which are the back- ground of their thoughts, view of human nature, view of education and suggest some implications to our developmental and educational context.