현대일본논설에 나타난 문말 ｢わけだ｣에 관한 연구

Study of Sentences Ending with ‘Wakeda’ in Modern Japanese Articles

This study analyzed 579 “Wakeda sentences” (excluding the negative and inference types of “Wakeda”), which were attested in contemporary Japanese editorials. Its characteristics and classification criteria are as follows. 1) The meaning of an explanation is included in the “Wakeda sentence” of all the meaning usages except the assertion “Wakeda sentence”, and the “Wakeda sentence” of all the meaning usages except “confirmation” is the previous sentence. 2) The “Wakeda sentence” of the explanation, assertion, naturalness, and convincing understanding of the relevant sentence is “socially general (universal to humankind)” when the “Wakeda sentence” is connected to the preamble. However, when interpreting with the words “I understand it, I understand it.”, the meaning is determined by whether it is natural or unnatural. 3) The “Wakeda sentence” of natural and convincing understanding is an example in which the meaning of natural and convincing understanding is included in the “Wakeda sentence” and an example in which the meaning is determined by linking the “Wakeda sentence” with the previous sentence. 4) As for the “Wakeda sentence” of the guess, there is an example in which the meaning of the guess is included in the “Wakeda sentence” and an example in which the meaning is determined by connecting the “Wakeda sentence” with the previous sentence.

本研究は、計51冊の現代日本論説に現れた｢わけだ｣文に関して、｢わけだ｣の否定型、推測型などを除いた、文末に現れる579個の｢わけだ｣文を研究対象とした。 そして｢わけだ｣文の意味を分類し、その分類された｢わけだ｣文の特徴および｢わけだ｣文を前後の文と連結したときに現れる文の特徴までを研究することが目的であり、その特徴と分類基準は次の通りである。 1)断定主張｢わけだ｣文を除くすべての意味用法の｢わけだ｣文に説明の意味が含まれており、｢確認｣を除くすべての意味用法の｢わけだ｣文は前の文を説明する。2)該當文説明․単定主張․當然․納得理解の｢わけだ｣文は、｢わけだ｣文を前の文と連結したときに｢社会一般的(人類普遍的)で(見て)、~することが~當然だ。納得理解された｣という言葉を入れて解釈する場合、自然なのか不自然なのかでその意味を決める。3)當然と納得理解の｢わけだ｣文は、｢わけだ｣文の中に當然․納得理解の意味が含まれている例と｢わけだ｣文と前の文を連結してその意味が決まる例がある。4)推測の｢わけだ｣文も｢わけだ｣文に推測の意味が含まれている例と｢わけだ｣文と前の文を連結してその意味が決定される例がある。