경제외적 요인이 수산물 교역에 미치는 영향

A Study on the Effect of Non-Economic Factors on Fishery Trade: Focused on the Export Policy of Farmed Salmon in Norway

Export crises faced by Norwegian farmed salmon companies occurred due to a hygienic failure and international political issues rather than the internal structure of the Norwegian aquaculture industry. The first crisis occurred in 2010 when it was reported in media reports and research papers that pesticides were found in Norwegian farmed salmon. The European Union (EU) warned consumers in the EU member states of the danger of Norwegian farmed salmon, taking a toll on the Norwegian salmon export. In 2010, the Norwegian Nobel Committee selected a Chinese dissident as the winner of Nobel Peace Prize and China banned the import of Norwegian salmon in retaliation. In 2014 when the EU and the US imposed sanctions on Russia for its forced annexation of Crimea, Norway joined the sanctions although it was not an EU member state. Russia banned the import of Norwegian salmon in retaliation. International trade does not work only by a simple market logic. International politics and social issues intervene in international trade when trade items are related to the environment, resources, and hygiene. Norway paid a heavy price due to the intervention of those non-economic factors when exporting salmon, one of its main trade items. Paradoxically, as a result of the efforts made to remove the export restrictions, Norway obtained opportunities to enhance the competitiveness of its salmon industry in the global market.