기업간 협력협의체 성과의 결정요인에 관한 연구

A Study on the Determinant Factors for the Performance of Inter-Firm Cooperation Councils: An Analysis on the Cooperative Supplier Councils Referring to Japanese Cases

Purpose: The purpose of this research is to figure out the factors which determine the performance of Inter-firm cooperation councils with reference to the experiences of Japanese firms. An Inter-firm cooperation council is an organization where firms in a vertical value chain participate and cooperate each other to enhance the performance of firms inside a business ecosystem. Research design, data, and methodology: This research tries to analyze the relationship among various variables such as Industry Type, Necessity of Inter-Firm Cooperation, Core Firm Size, Self-Motivation of Organization Formation, and Performance of Cooperative Supplier Council while suggesting five hypotheses with the theoretical backgrounds of transaction cost theory and RBV. Data for the analysis were collected in 2017 for 268 cases of Cooperative Supplier Council and 213 cases were finally used for the analysis. One-way ANOVA and hierarchical regression analysis were applied to test the hypotheses, and SPSS was used for the analysis. Results: Firstly, there is no statistically meaningful relationship between Industry Type and Necessity of Inter-Firm Cooperation (H-1). However, the necessity was relatively very high in the case of the automobile industry while that was relatively low in the distribution industry. Secondly, either Necessity of Inter-Firm Cooperation or Core Firm Size respectively has a positive effect on Performance of Cooperative Supplier Council (H2-1, H3-1). Thirdly, the effect of Necessity of Inter-Firm Cooperation on Performance of Cooperative Supplier Council was higher in the case of non-voluntary formation of the council rather than in the case of voluntary formation. Implications: As to strategic implication for firms, it can be said that firms in a vertical value chain had better form or participate in a inter-firm cooperation council when the necessity of cooperation between vertically linked businesses is very high. In addition, this article suggests the following policy implications. Firstly, the policy makers had better consider the characteristics of industries and firms when they try to expand the application of the council system. Secondly, the council system had better be applied to cases where large firms are a core firm of the council because a large firm has more competence in managing the council rather than a smaller firm. Thirdly, it is still very meaningful as a policy direction to explore and support additional new formation of Cooperative Supplier Council when the necessity of cooperation among vertically interconnected firms in a value chain is high.