텍스트마이닝 기법을 활용한 일⋅가정양립정책의 연구 경향 분석

Analysis of research trends in work family balance policy using text mining

본 연구는 일⋅가정양립정책의 지난 20년간 연구 경향을 분석함으로써 기존 연구들의 성과를확인하고 나아가 추후 연구의 발전 방향을 제언하는 데 목적이 있다. 이를 위해 한국연구재단의사회복지학 분야 등재학술지에서 2020년 기준 최근 5년간 임펙트 펙터 1.0 이상의 22개 학술지의157개 논문을 분석대상으로 텍스트마이닝 기법을 활용하여 분석하였다. 분석결과 첫째, 2001년이후 매년 평균 8편의 논문이 발표되었으며, 주로 ‘가족’, ‘여성’, ‘정책’, ‘가족친화’, ‘가족친화제도’, ‘육아’, ‘휴직’, ‘일가정(가족) 양립’, ‘일가정(가족) 갈등’, ‘저출산’ 순으로 용어의 출현빈도가높았다. 둘째, 의미연결망 분석결과, ‘일가족(가정) 양립’은 ‘성역할’, ‘가족정책’, ‘저출산’, ‘지원정책’, ‘가족친화제도’, ‘육아휴직’과의 관련성이 높았다. 이외에도 ‘아버지’는 ‘가족친화’, ‘일가족(가정) 갈등’, ‘가족친화제도’ 등과, ‘저출산’은 ‘보육정책’, ‘유아교육’ 등과 관련성이 높은 것으로나타났다. 마지막으로 토픽모델링 분석결과 3개의 토픽을 확인할 수 있었으며, 토픽1은 ‘일가정양립과 젠더’, 토픽2는 ‘가족친화제도’, 토픽3은 ‘보육정책과 성평등 이데올로기’인 것으로 나타났다. 본 분석결과를 바탕으로 일⋅가정양립정책의 연구 경향을 종합하면 다음과 같다. 첫째, 일⋅가정양립정책 연구에 있어 젠더 관련 균형 있는 시각을 가지려는 노력이 나타났다. 둘째, 일⋅가정양립정책 연구는 저출산 현황과 깊이 관련되어 있으며, 일⋅가정양립정책이 저출산의 대책으로 연구자들에게 인식되고 있었다.

The purpose of this study is to confirm the achievements of existing studies by analyzing the research trends of the past 20 years of Work Family Balance Policy(WFBP), and to suggest future research directions. For this purpose, 157 papers in 22 journals with an impact factor of 1.0 or higher for the last 5 years as of 2020 were analyzed using text mining techniques in the journals registered in the field of social welfare of the National Research Foundation of Korea. According to Results First, an average of 8 papers have been published every year since 2001, mainly ‘family’, ‘women’, ‘policy’, ‘family-friendly’, ‘family-friendly policy’, ‘childcare’, ‘leave of absence’, ‘work family balance’, ‘work family conflict’, and ‘low fertility’. Second, as a result of semantic network analysis, ‘work family balance’ was highly related to ‘gender role’, ‘family policy’, ‘low fertility’, ‘support policy’, ‘family-friendly policy’, and ‘parental leave’. In addition, ‘father’ was found to be highly related to ‘family-friendly’, ‘work family conflict’, ‘family-friendly policy’, and ‘low fertility’ was highly related to ‘childcare policy’ and ‘education for children’. Finally, as a result of the topic modeling analysis, three topics could be identified, and topic 1 was ‘WFBP and gender’, topic 2 was ‘family-friendly policy’, and topic 3 was ‘childcare policy and welfare state ideology’. Based on the results of this analysis, the research trends of WFBP are summarized as follows. First, there is an effort to have a balanced perspective on gender effects in the study of WFBP. Second, WFBP research is deeply related to the low fertility situation, and it is intended to lay the foundation for fertility-related policies and childcare and childcare policies.