张彦远『法书要录』理论贡献探微

A Probe into the Theoretical Contribution of Zhang Yan-Yuan’s Fa Shu Yao Lu

张彦远『法書要錄』，成书于唐代，是一部重要的唐及以前书法理论汇编文献，编者凭借自己在书法艺术上的的卓识远见以及丰富的家藏等得天独厚的自然条件，怀着一颗传承传统文化艺术的赤子之心，从浩瀚的文献中去粗取精，抽丝剥茧，摘选出其中的精华，不辞辛劳，编辑而成巨篇。编者在书中不发一言，但通过内容的选取和扬弃，编排内容的顺序呈现，却让是书逻辑清晰，是非分明，无论而自有立场观点。从全书整体观，内容重艺轻技；从文化的角度突显出其传承性和历史性；旗帜宣明的树立二王的正宗地位；通过采用不同文体的方式，大篇幅对书法艺术进行不同角度、不同方面的整理、编目、考释、辨伪、批评、鉴定、传说、叙述；同时从八个维度注重资料的全面系统，主次分明、观点突出、或叙或论、或著或编，立体展示了我国古代书法理论的博大精深和尊崇二王的正统书学思想。其次，󰡔法书要录󰡕还具有珍贵文献保存、对历史文献去伪存真、促进二王书法正统地位、为后人确立了汇编文体范式等积极的历史价值。当然，仅凭张彦远一己之力，不可能尽善尽美，『法書要錄』在篇目的选择上有遗珠之憾，在文献的分类呈现方面亦有不尽人意之处，但瑕不掩瑜，其书法理论贡献不可磨灭。

Zhang Yan-Yuan’s Fa Shu Yao Lu(法书要录) written in the Tang dynasty, is an important compilation of calligraphic theory from the Tang dynasty and before. With his own insight and vision in the art of calligraphy, as well as his rich family collection and other unique natural conditions, the editor, with a heart to pass on traditional culture and art, took the essence from the vast literature, extracted the essence of it, and worked tirelessly to compile it into a huge volume. The editor does not say a word in the book, but through the selection and abandonment of the content, the order in which the content is presented, the book is logically clear, right and wrong, regardless of its own position and viewpoint. From the overall viewpoint of the book, the content emphasises art over technique; highlights its heritage and historicity from a cultural perspective; establishes the authentic status of Two wangs by declaring the banner; collates, catalogues, examines, discerns forgeries, criticises, authenticates, legends, and narrates different perspectives and aspects of the art of calligraphy by adopting different styles of writing at large; while focusing on a comprehensive system of information from eight dimensions, with clear priorities, prominent views, and The book also focuses on a comprehensive and systematic approach to the material in eight dimensions, with a clear distinction between major and minor points of view, either narrating or discussing, or writing or editing, showing in three dimensions the profoundness of ancient Chinese calligraphic theory and the orthodox calligraphic thought of respecting Two wangs. Secondly, the book also has a positive historical value in terms of preserving valuable documents, deconstructing historical documents to preserve their authenticity, promoting the orthodox status of Two wangs calligraphy, and establishing a paradigm of compilation style for future generations. Of course, Zhang Yan-Yuan could not have done it all on his own, and there are regrets in the choice of titles and unsatisfactory classification of documents in Fa Shu Yao Lu(法书要录), but the flaws do not obscure the merits, and his theoretical contributions to calligraphy are indelible.