Covid-19 팬데믹 기간 동북아시아 항공화물 네트워크 변화분석

Changes of Northeast Asian Air Cargo Network During Covid-19 Pandemic

Covid-19의 확산은 세계적으로 막대한 피해를 끼치며 경제적 및 사회적, 문화적으로 큰 타격을 주었으며 특히 항공산업이 큰 피해를 받았다. 본 연구는 Covid-19 팬데믹 기간 동안 변화된 항공화물 네트워크 구조를 분석하는 것을 목적으로 한다. 이를 위해 Covid-19 팬데믹 기간 동안 한국, 중국, 일본, 홍콩, 마카오를 출발지 및 도착지 국가로 선정하여 데이터를 수집하였다. ICAO의 On-flight origin and destination의 Freight revenue traffic data를 수집하였고 분석 기간은 Covid-19의 발생 전 2016년부터 2019년, Covid-19 확산 후 2020년으로 정하여 분석을 실시하였다. 사회연결망분석(SNA)을 Netminer를 활용하여 수행하였다. 분석 결과 Covid-19 이후 동북아시아 항공화물 네트워크의 노드와 링크, 밀도, 군집화가 감소한 것으로 나타났으며, 네트워크 연결망 또한 약해진 것을 확인할 수 있었다.

While the outbreak of Covid-19 brought in enormous damage throughout world economically, socially, and culturally, the aviation industry was severely damaged because air passenger transportation was barely active during the pandemic due to movement restrictions and blockades imposed in many countries. This study aims at investigating changes of air cargo transportation network which were made before and during the pandemic. To this end, this study collected air freight data among Korea, China, Japan, Hong Kong, and Macau as origin and destination countries. Freight revenue traffic data of On-flight origin and destination were collected from ICAO database from 2016 to 2020 with years of 2016 to 2019 being before the outbreak of Covid-19 and year of 2020 being after it. Social Network Analysis was undertaken using Netminer. It was found that nodes, links, density, and clustering of Northeast Asian air cargo networks significantly decreased after the outbreak of Covid-19 and network connection was also weakened.