칭기스 한(Činggis qan) 칭호(稱號) 연구(硏究)

A Study on the Title of the Činggis qan

Although there have been many studies on the title of the Činggis qan, there is no established theory. However, recently, some scholars in China are making new claims about the title of the Činggis qan based on the theories of The Jami‘ al-Tawarikh of Rashid al-Din and the elder scholars, but this is far from the original meaning. In this study, from the point of view that Eastern Mongolia, the hometown of the Činggis qan, is related to the Khitan, and that Korea is historically and culturally closely related to Mongolia, the vocabulary related to the Činggis qan in Khitan and Korean was searched. Prior to the full-scale study of the Činggis qan, we looked at the Uygurjin data in which the notation of the Činggis qan appeared, and also looked at the data and researchers explaining the title of the Činggis qan. In previous studies, it was analyzed that the title of the Činggis qan had the meanings of 'sky [天], firmness (堅固), courage (勇猛), honesty (正直), truth (眞實)’, etc. and plural suffixes were connected. It is known that Činggis qan is analyzed as Činggis + qan, and that qan is the word for the leader of the northern peoples. Existing theories have analyzed that plural suffix are connected to, but considering the characteristics of Mongolian, the Altaic language, it is reasonable to analyze it as ‘Čing + gis’. Scholars have already revealed that Čing of Činggis means ‘true, reality, honest’. On the other hand, gis was analyzed as a plural suffix or person in previous studies, but it is far from the original meaning. It was confirmed that the Khitan founder Gisu(奇首 *kĭɕ) could be connected with the gis of Činggis, and it was understood that the founder also had the meaning of ‘first, beginning, top’. The progenitor words of Korean: Goguryeo's gaecha(皆次 *kaiči) and gaeso(蓋蘇 *kasu), Baekje's gilji(吉支 *kici, *kisi), giza(gizɔ), and Silla's geose(居世 *kĭɕ), geoseo(居西 *kĭs), geosul(居瑟 *kĭʃ), and gilsa(吉士 *kĭʤĭ) are connected with gis of Činggis. The tale of bird that appears in the tale of the Činggis qan also appears in the tale of the Park Hyokgeose(朴赫居世) of Silla, which shows that the Činggis qan and the Park Hyokgeose are kings with the same personality, that is, they are the ‘first and true kings’.