도리이 기미코(鳥居きみ子)의 몽골 노래 조사와 연구

A Review on Fieldwork of Mongolian Music and Academic Perspective of Torii Kimiko(鳥居きみ子)

In this paper, I reviewed Torii Kimiko’s(鳥居きみ子, 1881~1959) achievements related in Mongolian folk song. Through this, the path, background, analytic process, and academic perspective of field research on Mongolian music in modern Japan were reviewed, and as a result, the following conclusions were reached. Torii Kimiko was aware that women could also be active in the study of anthropology under the influence of Tsuboi Shogoro(坪井 正五郎, 1863~1913). This position of her as a female anthropologist was advantageous in her investigation into the customs of women, especially in her Mongolian research activities. Also, Torii Kimiko basically tried to investigate and study Mongolia from the perspective of an anthropologist, focusing on music as the main object. Considering that Japanese anthropology was at the beginning of its establishment at that time, and that it was before the development of music anthropology in the West, Torii Kimiko's status as a scholar who attempted to combine musicology and anthropology should be re-evaluated Torii Kimiko collected songs from all over Mongolia, but the places where you can check the specific names were Haraqin Banner(Каракин 喀喇沁旗), Ar Horqin Banner(Арукорчин хошуу 喀喇沁旗), Xingan ring(Хянган дабаа 興安嶺), West Ujimqin Banner(Үзэмчин хошуу 西烏珠穆沁旗旗). She aimed to identify the ethnicity of Mongolia through her analysis of the performance situation of her Mongolian songs, lyrics, and melodies. She wanted to distinguish Mongolian songs from those that were influenced by China and those that maintained Mongolia's own indigenous attributes. Torii Kimiko also had a point of view comparing Mongolian songs with Japanese songs. For example, she compares the mongolian song and Japanese song Kakegoebusi(掛け声) in perspective of similar ending style and she also tried to compare the rhythm and the beat composition in Morin Khuur(морин хуур) accompanied Mongolian song with Japanese song Oiwakebusi(追分節). In other words, it can be said that Torii Kimiko wanted to find the connection point by revealing the indigenous nature of Mongolian songs and confirming similarities in Japanese songs. This reflects her intention to find the origin of Japanese culture in Mongolian culture through song