교도소 여가활동이 폭력성향의 감소, 사회적 기술함양, 자기통제력에 미치는 효과

The Effects of Leisure Activities on Prisoners’ Violence Reducing Behavior, Social Skills-Cultivation and Self-Control at Correctional Institute

본 연구는 교도소의 여가활동이 폭력성향의 감소, 사회적 기술의 함양, 자기통제력의 향상 등에 미치는 긍정적 효과를 밝히고자 한다. 160명의 남성 재소자들을 대상으로 설문조사를 실시하였다. 통계적 분석방법은 여가참여의 차이는 t 검증, 여가활동별 긍정적 심리효과는 일원변량분석(ANOVA), 여가만족도에 미치는 영향정도는 다중회귀분석을 활용하였다. 연구결과에 따르면 여가활동의 참여자들은 사회적 기술의 함양에만 비참여자보다 p<.05 수준에서 더 긍정적인 유의한 차이가 나타났다. 구체적으로 여가활동 중 명상/종교활동이 폭력성향의 감소에, 재소자와 의견이 다를 경우 대화로 해결할 수 있게 하는 자기통제력에는 ‘여가활동’과 ‘명상/종교활동’이 동일하게 높은 효과가 나타났다. 사회적 기술함양에는 ‘운동장 달리기’(공놀이, 철봉운동, 근력운동)’, ‘영화상영(TV 시청 포함) 감상 순으로 높은 효과가 나타났다. 다만 건전한 국민정신을 계도 및 범죄적 악성 제거로 자력개선 의지를 촉진할 목적으로 행해지는 훈육중심의 ‘정신교육’과 ‘교화강연’ 활동은 모든 측면에서 긍정적 심리효과들은 거의 없었다.

The purpose of this paper was to examine the effects of prisoners’ participation in leisure activities at the correctional institute on their positive-psychological behaviors such as violence reduction, social skills-cultivation and self-control improvement. Data were collected from 160 male inmates at two correctional institutes. Three statistical analyses (i.e., t-tests, ANOVA, and multiple regression) were utilized in this study. The results indicated that the lowest violence inclination was found in the group with participation in the leisure activities, followed by the group with meditation/religious participation. Results also revealed that the highest prisoner’s social skill cultivating effort was observed in the group with the ground leisure activities (such as running the track, chin-up, and muscle building workout at the ground) followed by the group with watching a movie or tv, whereas self-control improvement was the highest in the group with activities related to meditation/religious participation. This study also found that the prisoners’ highest satisfaction score was found through participating in the ground leisure activities, followed by watching a movie and meditation/religious participation. Finally it was found that the prisoner’s active participation in the leisure activities at the correctional facility was positively influencing their psychological behavior and wellbeing compared to discipline oriented lectures and educations.