진로장벽이 비행청소년의 우울에 미치는 영향과 긍정심리자본의 매개효과

The Effect of Career Barriers on Depression in Delinquent Adolescents and Mediating Effect of Positive Psychological Capital: Focusing on Adolescents with the 6th Protective Detention of Juvenile

이 연구의 목적은 6호 처분 청소년을 대상으로 비행청소년의 우울에 진로장벽이 어떤 영향을 미치는지 살펴보고 진로장벽과 우울 간 관계에서 긍정심리자본의 매개효과를 확인하는 것이다. 6호 처분 청소년 위탁시설인 3개 아동보호치료시설에서 생활하고 있는 청소년 198명이 연구에 참여하였다. 자기기입식 설문조사로 수집된 자료는 SPSS 26.0을 사용해 기술통계 분석, 상관관계 분석, 위계적 회귀분석을 실시하였고, PROCESS macro version 4.0을 이용하여 매개효과 검증을 하였다. 분석결과 첫째, 6호 처분 청소년은 진로장벽을 높게 지각할수록 우울 정도가 유의미하게 높은 것으로 밝혀졌다. 둘째, 진로장벽과 우울 간 관계에서 긍정심리자본의 매개효과가 확인되었는데 높은 진로장벽은 낮은 수준의 긍정심리자본을 초래해 간접적으로도 우울에 영향을 미치는 것으로 확인되었다. 연구결과를 토대로 6호 처분 청소년의 정신건강 증진을 위해 진로장벽 개선과 긍정심리자본 강화와 관련된 실천적 제언을 논의하였다.

The purpose of this study is to examine the effect of career barriers on depression in delinquent adolescents targeting adolescents with the 6th protective detention of juvenile and to confirm the mediating effect of positive psychological capital on the relationship between career barriers and depression. A total of 198 adolescents who agreed to respond to the survey participated in this study with the cooperation of three child protection and treatment facilities which cared adolescents with the 6th protective detention of juvenile. Data analysis was performed using SPSS 26.0 and PROCESS macro version 4.0. Descriptive statistical analysis, correlation analysis, and hierarchical regression analysis were conducted, and the PROCESS macro program was used to verify the mediating effect. As a result of the analysis, first, the level of depression was significantly higher in delinquent adolescents as they perceived more career barriers. Second, the mediating effect of positive psychological capital on the relationship between career barriers and depression was confirmed, and career barriers caused a low level of positive psychological capital, which indirectly affected the level of depression. Based on the findings, practical suggestions related to the improvement of career barriers and strengthening of positive psychological capital were discussed to improve the mental health of delinquent adolescents with the 6th protective detention of juvenile.