한반도 평화체제 구축과 북한 핵 문제의 평화적 해결

Building Peace System on the Korean Peninsula and Searching for Peaceful Resolution of the North Korean Nuclear Issue

한반도 문제에서 가장 중요한 것은 평화정착 문제이다. 이를 위해서는 우선 남북이 갈등을 해소하고 상호 신뢰를 쌓아가야 한다. 여타 분야의 남북관계 개선되고 남북협력이 심화되어 신뢰형성의 단계에 들어서고, 군사적 긴장완화가 되면 실질적인 제도적 장치가 마련되어야 한다. 그 제도적 장치는 정전체제를 평화체제로 전환하는 것이고, 구체적인 것이 평화협정이다. 이 논문은 크게 네 부분으로 구성되어 있다. 첫째 평화협정에 대한 남북한의 주장을 정리하였다. 특히 북한이 남북평화협정에서 북미평화협정으로 전환하는 과정과 그 의도에 초점을 두었다. 둘째, 남과 북이 평화 협정을 체결하려면 어떠한 내용이 담겨야 하며, 여기에서 발생하는 현실적인 문제는 어떻게 처리해야 하는가를 다루었다. 셋째, 군사적 신뢰형성과 군비통제에 대한 문제이다. 남북한에는 실제로 군사적 신뢰를 쌓아 왔는가, 그리고 군비통제가 가능할 것인가를 규명하였다. 넷째, 평화체제 구축을 위해 필수적인 것이 북한 핵문제의 평화적 해결이다. 특히 제2차 북핵 문제이후의 핵 협상이 어떻게 전개되어 왔으며, 제4차 6자 회담이 갖는 의미가 무엇인가를 설명하였다. 남북관계가 적대적 공존관계를 청산하고 호혜적 공존관계로 갈 때, 한반도에는 영원한 평화체제가 구축될 것이다.

Today, most importantly is to set the permanent peace structure of the Korean security and stability problems. No doubt that is the road to peace on the Korean peninsula without military conflicts and confrontations, including clearing up a difficult problem and restoring mutual trust between the two Koreas. However, the ultimate goal which we are called it peace system are asked preconditions as follows; forming better relationship from a lot of exchange and cooperation in several area as in the first step, and then declaring the practical institutional apparatus(PIA) after reaching to the agreed documentary d?tente between the two Koreas. Hereafter the PIA will be depended upon conversing the 1953 armistice agreement to the Peace Pact, a peacetime basis. This article is formed of four: First, it reviewed the position and assertion of the two Koreas about the Peace Pact. In particular, North Korean intention that it has adhered the Peace Pact between the DPRK and the U.S. from that of the two Koreas was given much more weight. Second, it analyzed what agendas are for the Peace Pact if the two Koreas should conclude the Peace Pact and how they should deal with the actual problems to be emerged. Third, it examined the problems about military trust and arms reduction between the two Koreas. It is linked with the following question; is it possible to form the military trust and arms reduction on the Korean peninsula with empirical results? And fourth, it explained about the negotiating process of North Korea nuclear problem since the second nuclear crisis out of the North Korean regime and the agreed conclusion in the 4th round of the six-way talks. If the nuclear crisis is not resolved and instead gets worse, we will see the limit in doing any other better things between the two Koreas. If the North Korean nuclear crisis gets worse with the transfer of the issue to the UN Security Council or expansion of a blockade and economic sanctions on North Korea, this will result in conflict. In the future the reaction of North Korea should be positive more to form security and stability to the Korean peninsula. The peaceful and reciprocal co-existence on the Korean peninsula must promote inter-Korean reconciliation and cooperation greatly so that it in turn can play an essential role in solving the problem of the Korean peninsula comprehensively.