한반도 각형토기의 형식과 변천

Types and Changes of Top-shaped Pottery in the Taedong River-Han River Basin

이 글은 남한지역 청동기 문화의 전개과정에 있어 각형토기문화와의 제 관계에 대한 설명 틀을 제시하기 위한 목적에 의해 작성되었다. 이에 대동강~한강 유역에서 발견되는 각형토기의 형태 및 분포양상에 대한 전반적인 이해에 기초하여 서술하였다. 본문에서는 먼저 각형토기문화의 중심분포권인 평양, 평남, 황해도지역의 각형토기를 대상으로 형식분류를 실시하였다. 옹형과 호형으로 기종을 구분하고 기형에 주목하여 개별 속성을 추출하였다. 다음으로 토기 분류 검증과 함께 선후관계에 근거한 유물 및 유구 형태의 추이를 살펴보기 위해 주거지 중첩이 확인되는 대동강유역 취락유적을 검토하였다. 토기 분류와 유적 검토를 종합하여 각형토기 출토 유구를 순서배열하고 최종적으로 각형토기문화를 4단계로 구분하였다. 다음 남한지역의 각형토기 분석은 북한지역과의 시기적 병행관계를 파악하기 위해 기형 및 구연부 처리 방식에 주목하여 실시하였다. 남한 지역 각형토기는 2단계부터 확인되며 연천, 강화 → 김포, 인천→ 북한강유역으로의 점진적 확산 과정을 상정할 수 있었다. 이러한단계별 분포상에 주목하여 볼 때, 각형토기문화의 분포 범위는 점차적으로 변화하며 동시에 지역에 따라 각형토기 형태의 상이성이 관찰된다. 이상 각형토기문화의 취락 양상, 각형토기의 형태 등에서 감지되는 지역별 편차는 남한지역 각형토기문화 확산의 성격과 강도를반영하는 것으로 사료된다

This paper was written for the purpose of presenting an explanatory framework for the relationship with the Top-shaped pottery culture in the process of developing the Bronze Age culture in South Korea region. Accordingly, it was described based on an overall understanding of the shape and distribution aspect of the Top-shaped pottery found in the Taedong River-Han River basin. First, a typology was conducted on the Top-shaped pottery in Pyongyang, Pyeongannam-do, and Hwanghae-do, which are the central distribution areas of the Top-shaped pottery culture. The form was classified into jar-shaped and necked jar-shaped and individual attributes were extracted by paying attention to the shape of pottery. Next, in order to examine the progress in the shape of artifacts and features based on the order of dwellig along with the verification of the Top-shaped pottery classification, the settlement in the Taedong River basin, where dwelling overlap was confirmed, were reviewed. By aggregating pottery classification and settlement examination, the features excavated from the Top-shaped pottery were seriated, and finally, the Top-shaped pottery culture was divided into four stages. Next, the analysis of the Top-shaped pottery in the South Korean region was conducted by paying attention to the shape of pottery and the method of processing the rim in order to understand the parallel relationship with the North Korean region. The Top-shaped pottery in South Korea region was identified from the second stage, and the gradual spread process to Yeoncheon, Ganghwa 􂉲 Gimpo, Incheon 􂉲 Bukhangang River basin could be assumed. When paying attention to the distribution of these stages, the distribution range of the Topshaped pottery culture gradually changes, and at the same time, differences in the shape of the Top-shaped pottery are observed depending on the region. As described above, regional deviation detected in the settlement aspect of the Top-shaped pottery culture and the shape of the Top-shaped pottery is believed to reflect the character and intensity of the spread of the Top-shaped pottery culture in South Korea region.