唐 韓愈와 朝鮮 正祖의 ‘文論’에 대한 考察

This article is to observe the developing phases of the Antiquated Style movement of Han Yu(韓愈) of Tang dynasty and the Pure and Right Style movement(文體醇正) of King Jeongjo(正祖) of Choseon, and to investigate the meanings contained in each stylistics from the aspects of 'carrying Tao by writing(文以載道)' and 'congruence of Tao and writing(道文一致). Looking ate Jeongjo and Han Yu through 'carrying Tao by writing(文以載道)' and 'congruence of Tao and writing(道文一致), Han Yu aimed at realization of Tao of early Confucianism, and Jeongjo focused on the reign based o n the idea of Sung(宋) Confucianism. On the development of literature, the two literary movements which are arisen by i nevitable trends, are not only limited in style reforming movement, but also included thoughts characteristics. With the Antiquated Style Movement, Han Yu attempted to reform the framed style(騈文) which was aesthetic technic at the time of Wei(魏) and Jin(晉), to abolish the abuses of Buddhism and Taoism, to recover the old Tao and t o succeed to lineage of Confucianism. Jeongjo performed the Pure and Right Style movement for correction of vices arisen from the literatures between later Ming(明) a nd early Ching(淸), the literatures based on folk stories, the bibliographical study, the doctrines of Wang Yang-Ming(王陽明), the western studies, etc., and tried to realize stylistic of Sung Confucian congruence of Tao and writing, and to establish the base of reign. The returning to 'the antiquated style(古文)' which began with recognition on new style, was not only opposing the aesthetic technic or form of framed style. It was a reformation of new style asserting carrying Tao by writing with acceptance of old on e. Han Yu asserted the recovery of confucian old Tao by the antiquated style, and t he usage of contemporary writing by the comprehension of old Tao without attachme nt on sentence and phrase. It can be said as the state of 'catching fish and forgetti ng weir(得魚忘筌)'. Han Yu's such antiquated style movement was satisfied with th e trend of the time and influenced to later. Writers of later Choseon had a desire of individual and liberal style. Some of the m wrote individually and put importance on secret of nature. And some of them ass erted that writings had to express the contemporary things and events in the langua ge of the time, because, influenced with the emergence of modern thinking, they cons idered Tao and writing separately and thought change of Tao in accordance with flo w of time. Sung Confucian writing style was declined by especially, the change of s tyle for civil service examination, and the attitude of adoration on Chinese products a nd culture which was prevalent among noble. Therefore, King Jeongjo advocated the policy of the Pure and Right Style movement, and asserted the recovery old Tao by the carrying Tao by writing. He attempted to recover Sung Confucian writing style with the Pure and Right Style movement, and to strengthen sovereign power by refle cting it on reign. He accomplished the movement in certain level at politic. Howeve r, regretably, he could not lead the contemporary writing trend to the pure and right antiquated style, and develop as literature movement corresponding with the time.