동아시아적 근대 학문의 관념과 체계에 대하여

This article is to study the changing of an idea of learning in the modern East Asia, through the comparison between 『the encouragement of learning』, Zhang zhitong's writing, and Hukuzawa yukiji's book, or 『the encouragement of leaning』. After the 19th century, one common characteristic of the strategy in two nation, China and Japan, was that they thought of introducing We stern technology with their traditional spirit as the central figure. In short, Korea stood “?道西器”, China “中?西用”, Japan “和魂洋才”. Then concrete ways each nation dealt with introducing Western technology was different, but the fundamental sprit was same. As ever, Zhang's and Hukuzawa's seem different, but the sprit of two writhings is to keep their traditional sprit. In this point, these books are considered as having influence on even today. It may be briefly summarized as follows; One, Hukuza criticized severely about the attitude toward tradition, Zhang maintained keeping tradition, if necessary. Both seem different, in fact, they inherited their nation's tradition. Two, both of them insisted the changing of conservative intellectual. But Zhang emphasized on the sprit of a wise man changing into fitting modern time, meanwhile, Hukuza stressed intellectual who could con tribute the development of nation. Three, about the modern school established with the introduction of western civilization, Zhang considered that it took place of the state examination, but Hukuza pursued military way's regime to realize Japanese imperialism through the modern school. In this point, their thought of modern learning was used with the important standard reforming the modern education, it is within bound s to say that an idea of their writing has influence on even today's.