法度和書院教學與桐城文派的傳承

有清一代，桐城派作為一個文學派別，上溯明末清初，下迄民國，時間跨度之長，後世影響之大，中國文學史上鮮有文派與之媲美。本文主要初步探討一下成就這種現象的幾個原因：一，桐城派有所謂的桐城法度，這種法度有相當的連續性和可操作，具體易入手。二，桐城諸大師有一種教書育人的傳統，而且形成了一種薪火相傳的傳遞性。三，清代為中國書院教學最為發達的時代，當時的讀書人很多曾入書院受針對性的教育，桐城諸大師也都曾任教於書院，書院客觀上為桐城法度的傳播提供了一個平臺。以上幾個相關的原因可以聯繫起來成為桐城派源遠流長的一個重要的側面。

The Tongcheng school , which started from the very beginning of Qing dynasty or even further, and ended up at 1910s ,had an unprecedented long surviving time and influence over the whole Chinese literary history. Here are some reasons for such a fact above, they mainly are:1st , Tongcheng school bears some so‐called “tongcheng rules” which are easy to follow through the time. 2nd , Tongcheng school has a tradition of emphasizing education, which to some extent lead to its continuity. 3rd ,as the fact that Qing dynasty was a time when teaching were floured and many literals had been to schools for pertinent learning, whereas main writers had been teaching at those schools, where actually had provided an arena for spreading the” Tongcheng rules “to more literals and thus enforced more influence. The reasons above may be considered as leading to the great influence and long duration time of Tongcheng school.