제국과 식민지문학의 매독 표상

The Representation of Syphilis in the Imperial and Colonial Literature

日本近代小説で梅毒は非主流作家である私小説作家と梅毒にかかった軍人に多く現れる。私小説作家である岩野泡鳴の『五部作』と中島敦の『環礁』に梅毒が登場する。女性は不道徳で清潔でない女性オトリと花柳系の女性を中心に描写される。日本の小説で梅毒は下流階級の人々が花柳界でかかる花柳病として表象される。 韓国近代小説では文明の発達によって知識人男性と新女性らがかかる文明病として表象される。沈熏の『織女星』のボンファンは金持ちの息子であり、李孝石の『バラ、病にかかる』で劇団員のナムジュクは新女性である。しかし、男性には文明病、新女性には放蕩な性生活によってかかる花柳病という二重の基準を適用する。 また、朝鮮で梅毒は資本主義の欲望で伝播する病気としても表象される。蔡萬植の『濁流』では、チョボンの肉体をめぐって冷酷な現金計算が行われ、彼女の肉体を付きまとって梅毒も伝染する。

In the modern Japanese novels, many characters of private-life novels and servicemen suffer from syphilis, as illustrated in Gobusaku by Hōmei Iwano and Atoll by Atsushi Nakajima. The stories centre around the immoral and unkept female named Otori, prostitute females, and so forth. That is, syphilis is represented as a sexually transmitted disease that lower class people suffer from. In the modern Korean novels, on the other hand, syphilis is represented as a civilisation disease that educated males and liberated females suffer from due to the civilisation. In Jiknyeoseong written by Hoon Sim, the protagonist is a son in a rich family, and in The Sick Rose written by Yi Hyoseok, the troupe member who suffers from syphilis is a liberated female. In the case of males, however, syphilis is considered a civilisation disease, whilst in the case of females, it is considered a sexually transmitted disease that promiscuous women suffer from. Also, in Chosun, syphilis is represented as a disease resulting from people’s capitalistic desire. In Muddy Stream written by Man-sik Chae, the female protagonist is sexually appraised, and she ultimately gets infected with syphilis.