“将”字处置式的兴盛与衰落

The Rise and Fall of the Disposal Construction “Jiang（将）”

In pre-modern Chinese, the main disposal construction patterns are “yi(以)” sentence, “jiang(将)” sentence, “chi(持)” sentence, “zhuo(捉)” sentence, “ba(把)” sentence, “qu(取)” sentence, and so on. The disposal construction“yi(以)”“chi(持)”“zhuo(捉)”“qu(取)”are not used in modern Chinese anymore. “ba(把)” gradually became the mainstream of disposal construction after the development in Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties. “Jiang(将)” was actively used in the early days of pre-modern Chinese, and then gradually declined in the competition with “ba(把)”, and rarely used in modern Chinese.Current studies mainly focus on the “ba(把)”sentence, and there are few studies on the disposal construction “jiang(将)”. This paper will sort out the grammaticalization process of the generation and development of the disposal construction “jiang(将)”, and use quantitative research and statistics on the development of the disposal construction “jiang(将)” in each stage from the perspective of syntax and semantics. It is concluded that, the proportion of the disposal construction “jiang(将)” and the disposal construction in the broad sense (DCIBS) showed a development trend from low to high and then weakened. As the disposal construction “jiang(将)” decreases, the disposal construction in the strict sense (DCISS) increases on the contrary. These results may provide a basis for other studies on the disposal construction or grammaticalization.