从雇主意愿到国家教育政策

From Corporate Wish List to Government Educational Policy: A Review of Employability Skills Policy in Australia

以学校为主导的传统教育模式，培养出来的人才与雇主所需要的人才不相符合，澳大利亚产业界对教育提出自身要求，注重在教育中培养学习者的可雇佣性技能。产业界逐步通过自己的利益集团，把可雇佣性技能上升为国家教育政策，可雇佣性技能项目形成了预期目标、框架、开发与评价方法等一个完整的体系，逐步落实到教育实践当中，并且随着时代的发展，可雇佣性技能的进一步发展与丰富。澳大利亚政府部门、产业集团代表、研究机构等各个不同利益相关者，从自身立场出发提出各种解决问题的政策建议，可雇佣性技能便是以雇主意见为主提出的一项教育政策，最终相关政策出台并成为国家政策指导性文件。

Under the traditional school-led education model, the talents cultivated are not in line with the talents needed by employers. The Australian industry puts forward its own requirements for education, and focuses on cultivating employability skills of learners in education. The industry gradually elevates employability skills into the national education policy through its own interest groups. The employability skills project has formed a complete system of expected goals, framework, development and evaluation methods, which has been implemented into educational practices. With the development of the times, employability skills have been further developed and enriched. Australian government departments, representatives of industry groups, research institutions and other stakeholders put forward various policy suggestions to solve the problem from their own positions. Employability skills are an education policy mainly based on the opinions of employers, and finally the relevant policy is introduced and become a national education policy guiding document.