Chung’s Equation-IX에 의한 건자재의 화재 위험성 등급 평가

Evaluation of Fire Risk Rating of Building Materials by Chung’s Equation-IX

건자재의 화재위험성 평가를 위하여 Chung’s equations-VII, Chung’s equations-VIII, 그리고 Chung’s equation-IX에 의해 화재위험성지수-IX (fire risk index-IX, FRI-IX)와 화재위험성등급(fire risk rating, FRR)을 산정하였다. 시험편은 미국물푸레나무, 사탕단풍나무, 버드나무, 들메나무, 산벚나무, polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA)를 선택하였다. ISO 5660-1규격에 의한 콘칼로리미터를 사용하여 시험편에 대한 연소 특성을 시험하였다. 연소 후 Chung’s equations에 의해 계산된 화재성능지수-VII (fire performance index-VII, FPI-VII)은 23.51∼87.84 s2/kW로 나타났고, 화재성장지수-VII (firegrowth index-VII, FGI-VII)은 0.0025∼0.0170 kW/s2으로 나타났다. PMMA를 기준으로 한 화재성능지수-VIII (FPI-VIII)은 0.44∼1.66으로 나타났고, 화재성장지수-VIII (FGI-VIII)은 3.13∼21.25로 나타났다. 화재위험성 등급인 화재위험성지수-IX (FRI-IX)는 버드나무가 48.30 (화재위험성등급: G)으로 화재위험성이 매우 높은 재료로 나타났다. 그러므로 체적밀도가 낮으므로 인하여 착화시간(TTI)이 빠르고, 제1차 최대연기발생속도에 도달되는 시간(TSPR1st_peak )이 짧고, 그리고 COPmean/CO2Pmean 비가 높은 재료는 FPI-VII과 FPI-VIII이 낮아지고, FGI-VII과 FGI-VIII이 높아짐에 의하여 FRI-IX이 높은 값을 나타내었다.

This study evaluated the fire risk of building materials by calculating the fire risk index-IX (FRI-IX) and fire risk rating(FRR) according to Chung's equations-VII, Chung's equations-VIII, and Chung's equation-IX. White ash, hard maple,willow, fraxinus mandschurica, Sargent cherry, and polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) were selected as specimens. Thecombustion characteristics of the specimens were tested via cone calorimetry according to ISO 5660-1. After combustion,the fire performance index-VII (FPI-VII) of the specimens, as calculated by Chung's equations, varied between 23.51 and87.84 s2/kW, and the fire growth index-VII (FGI-VII) varied between 0.0025 and 0.0170 kW/s2. The fire performanceindex-VIII (FPI-VIII) and fire growth index-VIII (FGI-VIII) based on polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) varied between 0.44and 1.66, and between 3.13 and 21.25, respectively. The fire risk index-IX (FRI-IX), which is the fire risk rating, showedthat willow had a very high fire risk, with an FRI-IX value of 48.30 (fire risk rating: G). Materials with fast time to ignition(TTI), short time to reach 1st_peak smoke production rate (TSPR1st_peak), and high (CO/CO2) mean production rate ratio(COPmean/CO2Pmean) values owing to low volume density had low FPI-VII and FPI-VIII, and high FGI-VII and FGI-VIII,resulting in high FRI-IX values.