한국어 학습자를 위한 부사 ‘꼭’ 교육 연구

A Study on Teaching the Adverb ‘Kkok’ in Korean Language Education

The purpose of this study is to make clear the functions and meanings of the adverb ‘kkok’, and then to set up the educational contents for teaching it. Through an analysis of four kinds of Korean dictionaries, it turns out that the adverb ‘kkok’ has two functions such as a manner adverb and a stative adverb, and six meanings such as compulsory action, voluntary action, recognition, accuracy, similarity, and force. There are 268 ‘kkoks’ in three kinds of Korean language textbooks, and about 95% among them are manner adverbs. On the other hand, about 67% of 3,500 ‘kkoks’ used in the corpus of Korean native speakers are manner adverbs. Meanwhile, in the test of choosing synonyms of ‘kkok’ carried out by 88 Korean undergraduates and 75 foreign undergraduates, differences of recognition on synonyms of ‘kkok’ between two groups are about 10% bigger in stative adverbs than in manner adverbs. This means that the stative adverb ‘kkok’ should be explicitly and systematically taught in Korean language education. Based on the corpus of Korean native speakers, the teaching level of each meaning of the adverb ‘kkok’ and educational contents for teaching it are presented as follows: teaching voluntary action or accuracy in level 1, compulsory action in level 2, recognition or similarity in level 3, force in level 4, and also providing practice activities replacing ‘kkok’ with its synonyms or practice adding ‘kkok’ in sentences.