중등 신규교사의 교직적응 양상과 영향요인 탐색

Exploring the Patterns of Professional Adaptation and Influential Factors of Novice Secondary Teachers

본 연구는 중등 신규교사들의 교직적응 양상을 탐색하고, 이와 관련된 개인 및 학교의 영향요인을 검증하고자 수행되었다. 이를 위해 서울교원종단연구 1차년도 자료 중 교직경력 5년 미만의 중·고등학교 교사 611명을 대상으로 기능적 측면(교과, 생활지도와 상담, 진로지도, 학급경영, 교무행정업무)과 심리적 측면(열정 및 사기, 소진)을 지표로 잠재프로파일 분석을 실시하였다. 연구결과, 중등 신규교사의 교직적응은 지표별 수준에 따라 4개 집단(‘상’(9.1%), ‘중상’(28.1%), ‘중’(42.0%), ‘하’(20.8%))으로 구분되었다. 신규교사의 교직적응 유형 분류에 영향을 미치는 개인 요인으로는 교직선택 동기 중 내재적 동기, 이타적 동기, 외재적 동기, 소속감, 기간제 교사 경험 여부가 유의하였으며, 학교 요인에서는 학교장의 리더십 중 비전제시가 유의하였다. 주요 연구결과를 토대로 신규교사들의 교직적응을 위한 시사점을 제시하였다.

This study was conducted to classify novice middle and high school teachers into subgroups based on their adaptation, and to verify individual and school-related factors influencing group classification. To this end, the study was conducted on 611 teachers with less than 5 years of teaching experience in middle and high schools using data from the 1st year of the Seoul Educational Longitudinal Study of Teacher. The results of the latent profile analysis, using functional aspects (curriculum, guidance and counseling, career guidance, classroom management, academic administration) and psychological aspects (passion/morale, burnout) as indicators, are as follows. The adaptation of new secondary school teachers was divided into 4 groups (‘High’ (9.1%), ‘High-Middle’ (28.1%), ‘Middle’ (42.0%), ‘Low’ (20.8%)) depending on the level of the indicators. As for the individual factors influencing the classification of new teachers’ professional adaptation, it was found that motivation for choosing the teaching profession (intrinsic motivation, altruistic motivation, and extrinsic motivation), sense of belonging, and non-regular teaching experience were significant. Among the school factors, the principal’s visionary leadership showed significance. Based on the results of this study, educational implications for the professional adaptation of novice teachers were proposed.