스마트 항만의 친환경 요소에 대한 연구

A Study on the Eco-Friendly Elements of Smart Port

As economic activities expanded in ports, existing port cities registered rapid growth based on the intercomplementary synergies between ports and cities. The functional growth of the ports delivered their scale, cargo volumes, and technological progress, which prodded population influx into the port cities and the growth of transport-related businesses. Ports and port cities, which play a pivotal role in logistics in today's economy, are no longer able to seek production efficiency and face intensifying competition due to advanced foreign ports. Due to excessively concentrated production activities, a significant amount of greenhouse gases is emitted, and the environment and ecosystem continue to be destroyed due to pollution caused by ports. Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, the world is experiencing an unprecedented logistical crisis. Even in such a thwarting environment, the South Korean government is showing high interest in the growth of digital and eco-friendly to prepare for the post-corona era. This year, the port authorities in Busan, Incheon, Yeosu, Gwangyang, and Ulsan focus on ESG management and digitalization of the ports with a view to making them smart and eco-friendly. Unlike in the past when the local communities focused on economic activities committed to productivity for a symbiotic industrial structure, they now consider the environmental perspective that promotes sustainable industrial growth. Above all, it can be said that this is an important time when the harmony of the opposing factors of economic growth and environmental preservation is emphasized. This study examines the characteristics of a smart port in order to analyze the environmental problems of ports due to increase in world trade volume and vessel upsizing, and also tries to identify the eco-friendly elements of smart ports with the aim of promoting their sustainable growth. In particular, it examines whether the technological advancement brought about by the 4th Industrial Revolution has an impact on the environmental aspects that are concentrated in ports.