식민지 시기의 조선어와 일본어의 문법 대조를 통한 조선어교육에 관한 연구

A Study on the Korean Language Education through Contrastive Grammar in the Colonial Korea: With a Focus on “Japanese-Korean Translation Method” in Lectures on Korean Writing and Language

The aim of this paper is to clarify the features of the teaching method of Research Group on Korean Language, by looking at a section on “Japanese-Korean Translation Method” in their publication, Lectures on Korean Writing and Language. It is considered that the teaching method for Korean language before 1945 was “The Grammar Translation Method (GTM)”. However, the objective and forms of the teaching has not been fully discussed yet. As I discussed earlier (Oh 2010, forthcoming), the objective of the Research Group was to “enable the learners to pass the ‘Korean Language Encouragement Examinations’ run by the Government-General of Chosen”. In order to meet this objective, the second series of the Lectures was significantly revised. “Korean-Chinese　Idioms” and “Japanese-Korean　Translation　Method” were now included, and a　stronger emphasis on the translation method was a clear reflection of the demand of the Examinations. In the case of GTM in Europe, the curriculum was structured to teach the grammar of the　target language students intended to acquire, so as to enable the students to understand the grammar of the target language and to read texts. In contrast to this, “Japanese-Korean Translation Method” was based not on Korean grammar perse but on Japanese grammar, e. g. the use of particle and auxiliary verbs, and Korean language was understood in relation to Japanese. Another feature was that the Lectures offer exercises for Japanese-Korean and Korean-Japanese translations, using short sentences which are out of context. These features clearly indicate, as discussed in this paper, that “Japanese-Korean Translation Method” was established as a goal of education in the course of preparing for the “Korean Language Encouragement Examinations”.