고등학생의 신체구성과 기초체력의 상관관계

The Correlation between Body Composition and Basic Physical Strength of High School Students by Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis

본 연구는 고등학생들의 신체구성을 파악하여 체지방률, 체질량지수, 근육량의 기준치를 적용하여 각 집단으로 분류하여 신체구성과 기초체력의 관련성을 파악하는데 목적을 두고 고등학생 274명(남:145명, 여학생:129)을 대상으로 비교·분석한 결과는 다음과 같다. 체지방률별, 체질량지수별, 근육량별 신체구성(신장, 체중, 체지방률, 체질량지수, 근육량, 임피던스)은 남·녀 모두 유의미한 차이를 보이고 있다. 기초체력에서는 남학생의 경우 오래달리기-걷기, 여학생의 경우 팔굽혀매달리기에서 유의미한 차이를 나타내고 있다. 신체구성과 기초체력과의 상관관계에서 남학생은 체지방률과 체질량지수가 오래달리기-걷기에서 부적상관과 정적상관을 보이고 있어 체지방과 체질량은 근지구력과 심폐지구력에 관련이 있는 것으로 나타났다. 반면 여학생은 체지방률, 체질량지수, 근육량이 팔굽혀매달리기에서 부적상관과 정적상관을 보이고 있어 체지방, 체질량, 근육량은 근지구력과 관련이 있는 것으로 나타났다. 기초체력과 체질량지수에 영향을 미치는 요인들의 상대적 중요도를 파악하는 다중회귀분석에서도 동일한 결과가 나왔다.

There is a significant difference in body composition(height, weight, BMI-Body Mass Index, muscle mass and impedance) based on the percentage of body fat each male and female student group. In the basic strength, normal group which is determined by the percentage of body fat shows higher numerical value than that of obesity group. Especially male students from the normal group get a high score in long-distance run-walking and female students from the normal group do in dangling with flexed arms. According to body mass index there is a significant difference in body composition- weight, percentage of body fat, muscle mass and impedance except heigh- each male and female student group. In the basic strength, normal group shows also higher numerical value than that of obesity group. Male students from the normal group get and female students from the normal group have a result that of percentage of body fat. Body composition according to the muscle mass shows a significant difference in both male and female student group. In male group all items have no significant difference in the basic strength. But female student group has a difference in dangling with flexed arms as shown in above percentage of body fat and BMI. The reason of similar result is from the high positive correlations. In the correlation of body composition and basic strength, male student group shows that body fat and body mass correlated with muscle endurance and cardiopulmonary endurance because percentage of body fat and BMI have a negative corelation in long-distance run-walking. On the other hand female group turns out that muscle endurance correlated with body fat, body mass and muscle mass because percentage of body fat, BMI and muscle mass have a negative correlation in dangling with flexed arms. There is the same result in the multiple regression analysis that is understanding of the relative importance from the effect of factors on basic strength and BMI.