고대 이집트 가구의 조형 연구

A Study on the Formative of Ancient Egyptian Furniture

This study was conducted with the aim of providing basic data for the study of Egyptian furniture and crafts by examining the sense of aesthetics and molding expressed in ancient Egyptian furniture. The scope of the study is to analyze the characteristics of boxes, chairs, beds, and tables made from the early to late Egyptian dynasties. As for the research method, literature research and case study were conducted at the same time. In the case study, 324 pieces of collections from 40 museums around the world were classified by period and item. In addition, formative analysis was conducted by dividing it into shapes, main materials, surface decorative materials, patterns, and decorative techniques. In the text, we looked at the understanding of ancient Egyptian art, materials and hand tools used in the manufacture of ancient Egyptian furniture, as well as techniques such as bending processing, cutting processing, joint processing, and single-plate bonding. Therefore, the furniture of ancient Egypt was mainly made of wooden boxes and chairs, and these were designed splendidly and gracefully to suit the refined tastes and sensations of kings and upper classes. Furniture used by some commoners has the same method of using and manufacturing wood materials for kings and upper-class households. In addition, it was simply made around the solid structural beauty and decoration was excluded. Decorative materials for ancient Egyptian furniture were ivory, piance, gold, and glass. These materials were inlaid on the surface of the furniture or carved with a thin plate. Decorative patterns were widely used with geometric patterns and hieroglyphics as the theme. All of these patterns represented royal authority or the meaning of a religious afterlife. The decorative techniques used coloring, carving, and inlaid techniques, which give a glimpse of the outstanding craftsmanship of ancient Egyptian craftsmen. As such, the unified form of Egyptian art adhered to the consistent conservative traditional beauty for about 5,000 years, creating a unique formative style. However, this can be understood as a characteristic in common with the characteristics of furniture production, which expresses the king's absolute authority and the religious view of the afterlife formed by the idea of nature worship.