“三礼”中的“具身德育”探微

An Exploration of “Embodied Moral Education” in the “Three Rites”

春秋战国至西汉初期的“三礼”，蕴含了儒家伦理道德和社会政治思想，能为“具身德育”研究提供滋养，主要体现有三。其一，每个人都应重视内心道德的修养，即便闲居独处也应自律慎独。其二，为人弟子者对待师长和尊者应注重言行细节，在求教、同行、洒扫等情境中务必诚敬谦和。其三，为官者理应对民众施行因地制宜、因时而动的教化，“修六礼、明七教、齐八政”，重视礼对民众身体的规范，促进民风淳善朴实、社会安宁祥和。“三礼”充分考虑了 “身体塑造道德”的事实，其间的德育理念穿越千载。如今我们摒弃迂拘、承袭中正，见证先贤智慧启迪当下、指引未来。

The “Three Rites” from the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period to the early Western Han Dynasty contain Confucian ethics and social and political thoughts, which can provide nourishment for the study of “embodied moral education”. There are three main manifestations. Firstly, everyone should pay attention to the cultivation of inner morality, even if they live alone, they should be self-disciplined and cautious. Secondly, ,as disciples, they should pay attention to the details of their words and actions when dealing with their teachers and masters, and be sincere and humble in situations such as seeking advice, traveling together, and sweeping. Thirdly, as officials, they should educate the people according to local conditions and the times, “Practice the six rites, clarify the seven teachings, and Doing eight things”, pay attention to the regulation of the people’s bodies by etiquette, and promote the integrity and simplicity of the people and the peace and harmony of the society. The “Three Rites” fully considered the fact that “the body shapes morality”, and the concept of moral education in them has gone through thousands of years. Today, we abandon formality and inherit Zhongzheng, witnessing the wisdom of the sages to enlighten the present and guide the future.