柳宗元的教育思想及其影响

Liu Zongyuan’s Educational Thought and Its Influence

柳宗元出生于官宦世家，年少成名，青年时期积极投身永贞革新，失败后经历了长达十四年的被贬生涯，最终病逝于柳州。被贬期间，积极在湖南永州和广西柳州进行教育实践，提出 “期以明道”的通过教育培养德才兼备的君子教育目的、学习五经为本,参之以诸子百家之言的 “取道之原”的教育内容、遵循学生成长的自然规律和顺应学生学习的发展规律的“顺天致性” 教育方法、以及师生之间亦师亦友、相互为师的“交以为师”的平等师生关系等独特性的观点，丰富和发展了唐代的教育思想。

Liu Zongyuan was born in a family of officials. He became famous at a young age. He actively participated in the Yongzhen Reform in his youth. After the failure, he experienced a life of being demoted for fourteen years and finally died of illness in Liuzhou. During his demotion, he actively engaged in educational practice in Yongzhou, Hunan and Liuzhou, Guangxi, proposing a serial of unique educational perspectives. He proposed to cultivate gentlemen with both morality and talent through education “in order to clarify the way”, and the educational content of learning “Tao” from the opinions of hundreds of schools of thought based on the study of the Five Classics, and the “nature-oriented” educational method that follows the natural laws of students’ growth and the development laws of students’ learning, and the equal teacher-student relationship through “teacher-to-teacher” concept in which teachers and students are both teachers and friends, and serve as teachers for each other. These perspectives enriched and developed the educational thought of the Tang Dynasty.