도시개발공사의 부가가치 생산성 분석

Analysis of Value-Added Productivity in Urban Development Corporations in Metropolitan Governments and the Improvement Plan

본 연구는 광역자치단체 도시개발공사의 평가에 있어 부가가치 생산성 개념을 도입하여 지방공기업의 사회적 책임에 대한 객관적 평가의 틀을 만들어 내고, 이를 부가가치 노동생산성, 부가가치 자본생산성으로 분석하여 지방공기업의 사회적 평가를 측정하고자 하는데 있다. 부가가치란 일정기간내에 자신의 조직에 투입된 노동과 자본을 통해 산출된 상품 및 서비스에 새롭게 부가된 가치를 의미하는데, 노동생산성은 이 부가가치를 생산하는데 투입된 임직원수에 대한 비율을, 자본생산성은 투입된 총자산의 비율을 말하는데, 그 측정결과를 광역자치단체 지방공기업의 결산자료에 대입하여 분석하였다. 분석결과 부가가치, 노동생산성, 자본생산성은 재무성과지표상 매출액, 당기순이익, 부채 비율들과 밀접한 관련성이 있음이 나타났다.

This study aimed to establish an objective evaluation tool of social responsibility of public corporations in the local governments by introducing concept of evaluating value-added productivity for urban development corporations in the metropolitan governments. It is intended to measure social evaluation of public firms in the local governments through analyzing their value-added productivity and value-added labor productivity. The added value refers to newly added value to goods and services calculated through labor and capital investment in one’s organization within a certain period. Labor productivity is the ratio of labor force input to produce this added value and capital productivity is the ratio of the total assets invested. This study analyzed value-added and capital productivity of accounts balance of the public corporations in the local governments. As a result of the measurement, value -added productivity and labor productivity of public corporations in the governments of Busan, Gwangju, Gyeonggi, South Chungcheong, and South Jeolla Province have shown their continued upward trends. However, value-added productivity of urban development corporations in the governments of Seoul, Daegu, Gangwon, North Chungcheong, North Jeolla, and Gyeongsang Provinces has tended to continuously decline. In the case of Incheon and Daejeon, their value-added productivity has risen. The labor productivity in Incheon has resulted in a downturn while the capital productivity in Daejeon has declined. Both value-added productivity and capital productivity in the public corporations belonging to Ulsan have shown a downturn trend. Labor productivity is the value-added divided by the number of labor force and its increase and decrease are related to efficient operation of manpower. Capital productivity is the added value divided by total assets which indicates efficient use of capital. The added value has been a positive (+) correlation with the sales, net income, and sales performance in the financial indicators, and the debt ratio also has shown a positive (+) correlation, unlike the theoretical hypothesis. However, there has been a negative (-) correlation with respect to the quick ratio, and the value added with respect to the operation ratio has resulted in a meaningful outcome . Labor productivity has shown a positive (+) correlation with the sales, net income, and operating income ratio in the financial performance ratio, and no significant results have been made for sales performance, debt ratio, and quick ratio. In addition, as for the correlation with the Gross Regional Domestic Product (GRDP), the proportion of the added value of the urban development corporations to the GRDP has continuously declined every year. Based on these measurement study results, measures to improve value-added productivity have been proposed for each of net income before corporate income tax, labor costs, net financial expenditures, rental costs, other taxes including utilities, and depreciation costs in the income statement that constitute added value. Through this study, it has been confirmed that the analysis of value-added productivity can be used as an indicator that can contribute to revitalize local economy and to realize social responsibility of public corporations belonging to the local governments. In terms of the value-added productivity, the classification of the existing accounting items should be interpreted in a new perspective. In conclusion, social-oriented evaluation criteria should be suggested to evaluate public corporations in the metropolitan governments.