청소년의 내면화 및 외현화 문제행동의 변화와 영향요인: 다변량 다층 잠재성장모형을 적용한 개인 및 학교 효과 분석

Changes in Internalizing and Externalizing Problems in Adolescents: Applying Multivariate Multilevel Latent Growth Model to Testing Individual and School Effects

Purpose: This study examined middle school students’ problems and the influences of individual level variables and school level variables. Design/methodology/data/approach: The present study utilized data from the KCYPS (2018) waves 1-3, containing data from 2,590 middle school students. Multivariate multilevel latent growth models were applied to examine problems among students. Findings/Results: First, the levels of internalizing problems and externalizing problems decreased through 1st to 3rd grade in middle school. Second, at the student level, gender, self-esteem, and grit were related to internalizing problems, and gender and career adaptability were related to externalizing problems. Third, at the school level, peer relationships were related to internalizing problems and youth activities, club activities, and peer relationships were related to externalizing problems. Value: This study is meaningful in that it empirically verified individual and school-level variables that affect reducing adolescents' internalizing and externalizing problems. In addition, this study is meaningful in terms of research methodology because it applied a multivariate multilevel latent growth model that was not widely used in Korea.